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SA · Adelaide

South Australia

Two great gulfs, the dodge tide and Kangaroo Island.

Sailing areas in South Australia

Overview

South Australia's sailing is centred on Gulf St Vincent, with Adelaide's marinas at North Haven and Outer Harbor on its eastern shore and the Yorke Peninsula's fishing ports along the west. It is a gulf rather than a bay: 60 miles across, open to the Southern Ocean at its mouth, with a tidal regime unusual enough to have its own name. The dodge tide, when the daily tidal movement almost disappears for a day or two around neaps, is a favourite examiner's question and a real planning consideration. South of Adelaide, Backstairs Passage between the mainland and Kangaroo Island runs a tidal race that must be timed; west, across Investigator Strait, Spencer Gulf leads to Port Lincoln and one of the largest natural harbours in the world. Distances are long, shelter is sparse, and the summer heat and sudden south-westerly changes shape every plan.

Adelaide and Gulf St Vincent

Marinas at North Haven, Outer Harbor, Glenelg and the Port Adelaide River. Gulf St Vincent is shallow around its edges and open in the middle, with a steep chop in a sea breeze. Port Vincent, Edithburgh and Stansbury on the Yorke Peninsula are the classic weekend destinations across the gulf.

Kangaroo Island and Backstairs Passage

Backstairs Passage, between Cape Jervis and Kangaroo Island, has strong tidal streams and standing waves when wind opposes tide. Kingscote, American River and the island's north coast bays provide sheltered anchorages once through. Superb tidal-planning and pilotage territory.

Spencer Gulf and Port Lincoln

Port Lincoln's Boston Bay is an enormous natural harbour and the centre of the tuna industry. The Sir Joseph Banks Group and Thistle Island offer remote anchorages. The gulf head around Whyalla and Port Augusta has strong tidal streams and industrial shipping.

The south-east and the Coorong coast

Victor Harbor, the Coorong, Robe and Kingston face the Southern Ocean with few harbours and heavy swell. Robe is the traditional stop on the passage to and from Victoria.

The west coast and the Great Australian Bight

Streaky Bay, Ceduna and the cliffs of the Bight are expedition sailing: long distances, big seas and very little shelter. Passages to Western Australia are among the most demanding in the country.

Conditions

Tidal rangeRoughly 2 to 3 m in the gulfs with a strong diurnal component. The dodge tide, at neaps, sees the tide barely move for a day or more. Streams of 3 to 4 knots in Backstairs Passage and the gulf heads.
Prevailing windsSummer sea breezes from the south-west and hot northerlies ahead of fronts; winter westerlies with fronts and gales. The gulf produces a short, steep chop quickly.
Signature weatherSudden strong south-westerly changes after hot days; summer temperatures over 40 degrees; winter fronts crossing the Bight.
SwellHeavy Southern Ocean swell outside the gulfs and in Investigator Strait; little inside.
WaterWarm in the gulfs in summer, cold outside. Great white sharks are a known presence around the offshore islands.

Hazards to plan for

  • Backstairs Passage tidal race
  • Sudden south-westerly changes
  • Long fetches and steep chop in the gulfs
  • Sparse shelter on the ocean coasts
  • Extreme summer heat

Seasons and calendar

Sailing runs from spring through autumn, with summer the busiest. The Adelaide to Port Lincoln race and the Adelaide to Kangaroo Island events anchor the calendar. Winter sailing continues in the gulf between fronts.

MonthsWhat to expect
Oct to DecSpring winds ease; the sailing season opens; Adelaide to Port Vincent races.
Jan to MarHot, sea breezes, dangerous northerlies before fronts; Adelaide to Port Lincoln race in January.
Apr to MaySettled autumn; ideal for Kangaroo Island and Spencer Gulf passages.
Jun to SepWinter fronts and cold; gulf sailing between systems.

What training and exams are like here

Passages for the logbook

Distances below are approximate route ideas, not verified qualifying-passage measurements. Check the shortest navigable route, actual distance, non-stop passage and your role against the current RYA rules before claiming a passage.

PassageMilesNotes
Adelaide to Port Vincent35Across the gulf; a classic weekend passage.
Adelaide to Kingscote (Kangaroo Island)65Qualifying passage over 60 miles, through Backstairs Passage on the tide.
Adelaide to Port Lincoln150Overnight via Investigator Strait; the well-known race route.
Adelaide to Robe140Around Cape Jervis and along the exposed south-east coast.
Adelaide to Melbourne500A demanding Southern Ocean coastal passage.

Weather, tides and rescue services

Weather sources

  • Bureau of Meteorology coastal waters forecasts: Adelaide Metropolitan Waters, Gulf St Vincent, Investigator Strait, Spencer Gulf, Upper South East Coast, Lower South East Coast, Central Coast, West Coast, Far West Coast
  • Heatwave warnings in summer
  • Backstairs Passage stream predictions

Tide reference ports

  • Port Adelaide (Outer Harbor), Port Lincoln, Whyalla, Port Augusta, Victor Harbor and Thevenard; the dodge tide is visible in every table at neaps

Rescue and traffic services

  • South Australian Sea Rescue Squadron and Australian Volunteer Coast Guard flotillas around the gulfs
  • Flinders Ports vessel traffic at Port Adelaide and Port Lincoln

Boat licence rules in South Australia

State licences cover the recreational use of a powered vessel. They are not sailing qualifications and they do not authorise commercial work, which is regulated nationally by AMSA. See working commercially.

Questions about South Australia

Is Backstairs Passage dangerous?

It can be, when a strong wind opposes a spring stream, producing steep breaking overfalls. Timed with the stream in moderate weather it is a straightforward 10-mile passage.

Plan the passages

See exactly what counts as a qualifying passage, a night hour and a day as skipper, and how to keep a logbook an examiner will trust.